Building concrete structures



April 25, 1939. A. Y. PREBLE 2,156,027

BUILDING CONCRETE STRUCTURES Filed Dec. 9, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.Z'NYEINTDHI Hzynmsw y. vPREBLE a TTCJRHB Ye April 25, 1939!. A. Y.PREBLE 2,156,027

BUILDING CONCRETE STRUCTURES Filed Dec. 9, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 noooabra BY Cgi/mm TTDRHEYS.

Patented Apr. 25, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in building concrete structuresand has particular reference to a system of erecting a backing surface,reinforcing rods, and reinforcing material and holding these parts inproper spaced relation while moist concrete is placed with respectthereto.

A further object is to provide means for accomplishing theabove-mentioned objects in an ecom nomical manner.

A further object is to reduce the cost of ordinary heavy wood forms, aswell as the labor required in erecting and tearing down the said forms.

l5 Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course ofthe following description.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and inwhich like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout theSame,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation, showing my forms and reinforcing materialin position to receive plastic material;

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional View taken on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view;

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig, 3;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary cross sectional View,

showing my system as applied to the corner of a building; and

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view of a modied form of metal lathholding bar.

In building monolithic structures, it is common to erect metal or woodforms, between which forms soft cement is placed, and after hardening,these forms are removed. This construction is very expensive in that itrequires experienced men to build the forms, and the lumber employed isruined to a very large extent for further use. I have, therefore,devised a method of building a structure of the monolithic type whereinform boards are eliminated.

In the accompanying drawings wherein for the purpose of illustration isshown a preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be noted that mymethod is very simple in that it is only necessary to erect along theinner wall line a plurality of uprights 5, which uprights serve a doublepurpose, as will be later seen. These uprights are spaced on centers inaccordance with the desires of the builder and are held in alignment bya header and several spaced cross pieces. This simple arrangement formsthe entire supporting frame to which all material is to be attached.

'Ihe first step is to attach to one of the uprights 5 a cardboard formsheet which is scored at 6, 1, 8, and 9, or otherwise bent at thesepoints so as to form an inner at wall portion A, outwardly divergingside wall portions B and C, and 5 wing portions D'and E. The wingportion D of one cardboard form sheet overlaps the wing portion E of thenext adjacent cardboard form sheet. In this manner the form sheetsmay becontinued in end to end relation so as to provide 10 a backing formsurface for the concrete, as will be apparent upon inspection of Fig. 5.

After the form sheets have been erected, parallel perchlike spacers areattached thereto, which spacers are arranged as shown at II and 15 I2.These spacers each comprise a pair of parallel wires as shown at I3 andI4, to which U- shaped wires I6 are attached. These U-shaped wires I6have their free ends so arranged as to be passed through the cardboardmaterial and 20 bent as shown at I1. To these spacers I attachreinforcing rods I8 parallel to the surface of the form sheets. Thesereinforcing rods in turn support any desired reinforcing material, suchas square mesh wire, as illustrated in the drawings, 25 but it is, ofcourse, obvious that I may employ wide mesh expanded metal, chickenwire, and the like. When square mesh material is employed, as shown,certain of the vertical strands are cut, and the cut end I9 is bentaround the reinforcing 30 rod I8, thus serving as a means of connectingthe reinforcing material, designated as a whole by the numeral ZI. tothe structure. Additional reinforcing rods may be placed between thespacers, as shown at 22, if desired. 35

In Fig. 5 I have shown a construction wherein m-y system is applied tothe corner of a building, where it will be noted that the form sheet 22serves the same purpose as the form sheets previously described, andthat the reinforcing bars 40 extend to a point adjacent the corner, asdoes also the reinforcing mesh. Vertical reinforcing bars may also beemployed in a manner which is obvious.

In Figs. 2, 3 and 4, I have shown vertical rein- 45 forcing bars 23which areV held to the uprights 5 by nails 24 having their ends bent inhook formation around the bars.

In Fig. 2 I have shown in dotted lines additional means for holding thereinforcing bar 23 50 against the ends of the hook nails, and also,means for tying the said bar to the reinforcing material, as is requiredby some State laws.

When the form sheets have been erected and the reinforcing materialattached thereto, con- 55 crete is blown or hand placed against thesheets until it builds up a mass sufficient to ll the remotely spacedsubstantially V-shaped in cross section recesses or concrete receivingpockets provided by the portions A, B and C, and the reinforcingmaterial is all embedded, to provide the wall slabs and studs betweenthe same, as illustrated in Fig. 5. Laths may now be attached to theuprights 5 and plaster may be applied thereover. This is illustrated inFig. 4, wherein the numeral 26 designates the laths; and the numeral 2l,plaster applied thereto. If metal laths are used, a channel member 28having teeth struck therefrom, as shown in Fig. 6 is attached to theuprights 5 by the teeth, or the channel members may be secured directlyto the portions A of the formy sheets.

t will thus be seen that I have produced a structure by my method ofconstruction which is strong, economical, and one which may be erectedin a major percentage by unskilled labor.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown anddescribed is to be taken as a preferred example of the same and thatvarious changes relative to the material, size, shape and arrangement ofparts may be resorted to Without departing from the spirit of theinvention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

l. A form for building a reinforced concrete structure, comprising asupporting frame, form sheets of cardboard disposed in end to endoverlapped relation to provide a backing surface for the concrete andattached to the supporting frame, said sheets being shaped to provideconcrete receiving pockets at remotely spaced intervals in the length ofthe connected sheets, reinforcing material for the concrete, means forsupporing the reinforcing material in spaced parallel relation to thesheets and including perchlike spacer members connected to the sheetsand reinforcing rods fixed to the spacer members and having thereinforcing material secured thereto.

2. A form for building a reinforced concrete structure, comprising asupporting frame, form sheets of cardboard disposed in end to endoverlapped relation to provide a backing surface for the concrete andattached to the supporting frame, said sheets being shaped to provideconcrete receiving pockets at remotely spaced intervals in the length ofthe connected sheets, reinforcing material for the concrete, means forsupporting the reinforcing material in spaced parallel relation to thesheets and including perchlike spacer members connected to the sheets,reinforcing rods fixed to the spacer members and having the reinforcingmaterial secured thereto, reinforcing bars mounted within the pocketsand extending longitudinally thereof, hooked means secured to thesupporting frame and having the hooked portions thereof engaged aboutthe bars, and tying means for said bars for cooperation with the hookedmeans for holding the bars in position.

3. A form for building a reinforced concrete structure, comprising asupporting frame including uprights, form sheets of cardboard disposedin end to end overlapped relation and providing a concrete backingsurface, said sheetsl being shaped to form, substantially V-shaped incross section concrete receiving pockets at remotely spaced intervals inthe length of the connected sheets and having inner Wall portions andside wall portions diverging outwardly from the inner wall portions,said sheets being attached to the uprights at the inner wall portionsthereof, wire mesh reinforcing material for the concrete, means forsupporting the reinforcing material in spaced parallel relation to thesheets and including perches made up of substantially U- shaped wireshaving their ends extending through the sheets and bent against thelatter for securing the U-shaped wires thereto, parallel wires fixed tothe arms of the U-shaped members and bridging the latter, reinforcingrods fixed to the bight portions of the U-shaped wires, and said wiremesh material having certain of the strands thereof cut and bent aboutthe reinforcing rods for securing the wire mesh material to said rods.

ANDREW YOUNG PREBLE.

